Rabindranath Tagore and National Anthems of Bangladesh, India & Sri Lanka

It may sound unbelievable, but true that Asia's first Nobel Prize winner in Literature in 1913 Rabindranath Tagore was behind the three great national anthems of three great nations, viz. Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka. In the recently concluded "ICC  World  Cricket Tournament - 2011" jointly organised by the said three countries, it was witnessed again  that the players of three different nationalities singing 'Anthems' created and inspired by the same genius for their respective nations.
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Indian National Anthem

Bangladesh National Anthem;

  Amar sonar Bangla,

Ami tomae bhalobashi.

           

My Bengal of Gold,

I love you.

Chirodin tomar akash,

Tomar batash,

Amar prane bajae bãshi.

           

Forever your skies,

Your air set my heart in tune

As if it were a flute.

O ma,

Phagune tor amer bone

Ghrane pagol kôre,

Mori hae, hae re,

O ma,

Ôghrane tor bhôra khete

Ami ki dekhechhi modhur hashi.

           

In spring, O mother mine,

The fragrance from your mango groves

Makes me wild with joy,

Ah, what a thrill!

In autumn, O mother mine,

In the full blossomed paddy fields

I have seen spread all over sweet smiles.

Ki shobha, ki chhaea go,

Ki sneho, ki maea go,

Ki ãchol bichhaeechho

Bôt,er mule,

Nodir kule kule!

          

Ah, what beauty, what shades,

What an affection, and what tenderness!

What a quilt have you spread

At the feet of banyan trees

And along the banks of rivers!

Ma, tor mukher bani

Amar kane lage,

Shudhar môto,

Mori hae, hae re,

Ma, tor bôdonkhani molin hole,

Ami nôeon jôle bhashi.

           

O mother mine, words from your lips

Are like nectar to my ears.

Ah, what a thrill!

If sadness, O mother mine,

Casts a gloom on your face,

My eyes are filled with tears!

Sri Lankan National Anthem

"Sri Lanka Matha" is the national anthem of Sri Lanka. The words and music were written by Ananda Samarakoon in 1940 in the Sinhala language, and was officially adopted as the national anthem on November 22, 1951 by a committee headed by Sir Edwin Wijeyeratne.The first line of the anthem originally read: "Namo namo matha, apa Sri Lanka". There was some controversy over these words in the 1950s, and in early 1962 they were changed to their present form.

Ananda Samarakoon was born George Wilfred Alwis to a Christian family in Padukka, in Ceylon, on January 13, 1911. 

 In 1936, Samarakoon left for Santiniketan in India to study art and music. After six months he abandoned his studies and returned to Sri Lanka, and changed his name to Ananda Samarakoon, embracing Buddhism. He was very much influenced by Rabindranath Tagore while in India and his fascination and the desire to imitate the great Indian musician would go on to take him in the direction of creating a musical tradition for the Sri Lankan people. During Samarakoon's stay in India, one of his early compositions, Namo Namo Mata (composed in 1940, recorded in 1946) was nominated as the national anthem and was officially adopted by the State as the Sri Lankan national anthem in 1952. Critics attacked Namo Namo Mata, particularly the "Gana" significance of the introductory words (Namo Namo Matha) which designate disease and ill luck. Samarakoon was not a believer in "Gana", and the criticism caused him to write numerous articles counter attacking his critics to defend his composition. However, without his consent, the introductory words were changed to "Sri Lanka Mathaa" so that the "Gana" significance now would designate victory and prosperity.

Sri Lanka Matha, apa Sri Lanka,                                                                                                            

    Namo Namo Namo Namo Matha.                                                                                                                                                                                  Sundara siri barini,

Surendi athi Sobamana Lanka

Dhanya dhanaya neka mal pala thuru piri, Jaya bhoomiya ramya.

Apa hata sapa siri setha sadana, jeewanaye Matha!

Piliganu mena apa bhakthi pooja,

Namo Namo Matha.

Apa Sri Lanka,

Namo Namo Namo Namo Matha

Obawe apa widya, Obamaya apa sathya

Obawe apa shakti, Apa hada thula bhakthi

Oba apa aloke, Aapage anuprane

oba apa jeewana we, Apa muktiya obawe

Nawa jeewana demine

Nnithina apa Pubudu karan matha

Gnana weerya wadawamina ragena yanu

mena jaya bhoomi kara

Eka mawekuge daru kala bawina

yamu yamu wee nopama

Namo Namo Matha

Apa Sri Lanka,

Namo Namo Namo Namo Matha.

 Translated; 

Mother Lanka we salute Thee!

Plenteous in prosperity, Thou,

Beauteous in grace and love,

Laden with grain and luscious fruit,

And fragrant flowers of radiant hue,

Giver of life and all good things,

Our land of joy and victory,

Receive our grateful praise sublime,

Lanka! we worship Thee.

Thou gavest us Knowledge and Truth,

Thou art our strength and inward faith,

Our light divine and sentient being,

Breath of life and liberation.

Grant us, bondage free, inspiration.

Inspire us for ever.

In wisdom and strength renewed,

Ill-will, hatred, strife all ended, In love enfolded, a mighty nation

Marching onward, all as one,

       Lead us, Mother, to fullest freedom.
In 1945 Samarakoon's only son died at the age of five and the grieving Samarakoon left Sri Lanka for India where he pursued a painting career and held eleven art exhibitions there. Though his painting were critically acclaimed, he returned to music in 1951 back in Sri Lanka. On April 5, 1962, at the age of fifty one, Samarakoon committed suicide. 

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