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Showing posts with label Turkey. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Turkey. Show all posts

Saturday, December 11, 2010

FLAGS in National Anthems and Patriotic Songs, Part- VIII



For last few couple of posts I endeavour to present the "Anthems and Patriotic Songs featured in postage stamps" with brief notes mostly from my collection built up over the years with my little wherewithal s. Readers will appreciate that to present an exhaustive list of philatelic items featuring 'Flags in National Anthems and Patriotic Songs' is next to impossible and perhaps, can never be completed. I, therefore, welcome my readers to contribute in this Post for omissions, as well as, to bring forward any new findings for the sake of academic interest of all concerned.

Tunisia 
Humat Al Hima"(L’Hymne National Tunisien) is the national anthem of Tunisia since November 1987.The text was written by Mostafa Saadeq Al-Rafe’ie. The music was composed by Mohammed Abdelwahab.
The song proclaims: “The banner of war in the north we have raised, by oath we to ransom our land all our bound”. The verse three continues  “The flag, as it waves in the sky, now salute, with honour and glory and great victory”.

Turkey
“The March of Independence” (Istikal Marsi) was adopted as National Anthem in 1921 and its words were written by Mehmet Akif Ersoy (1873-1936) and its music was originally composed by Ali Rifat Çağatay's, but the same  was replaced in 1930 by a symphonic arrangement written by Zeki Üngör (1880-1958), conductor of the Presidential Symphonic Orchestra, with a new harmonization supplied by the Turkish-Armenian composer Edgar Manas.
               Fear not and be not dismayed                                                    This crimson flag will never fade                                                     It is the last hearth that’s burning                                                For my nation and we know for sure                                                     That it will never fail.                                                                       It is my nation’s star that ever forth  will shine.                               It is my nation’s star and it is mine.

Frown not, fair crescent, for I                                                     Am ready e’en to die for thee                                                   Smile now upon my heroic nation, leave this anger.                   Lest the bloodshed for thee unblessed be.                              Freedom’s the right of this my nation,                                  Yes, freedom for us who worship God and seek what’s right.


Turkmenistan
 Turkmen, the national Anthem of Independent Neutral Turkmenistan. The lyrics were written by Saparmurat Niyazov,  the first president of Turkmenistan. 
The anthem has the following wordings:
I am ready to give life for native hearth
The spirit of ancestors descendants are famous for
My land is sacred. My flag flies in the world
A symbol of the great neutral country flies.


United Arab Emirates (UAE)
The National Anthem of the UAE is Ishy Bilady (Long Live my Nation), was officially adopted in 1971. The anthem was composed by Saad Abdel Wahab, who also composed the national anthems of  Libya. The lyrics to the anthem, adopted in 1996, were written by Arif Al Sheikh Abdullah Al Hassan.
  The safety has lasted and the flag has lived oh our Emirates       The symbol of Arabism                                                      We all sacrifice for you, we supply you with our blood              We sacrifice for you with our souls oh homeland


United States of America (USA)
The verses one through four of "The Star Spangled Banner" refer to the national flag of the US fondly called "The Old Glory" refer to the US flag with 15 stars & 15 stripes (1795-1818) that withstood enemy bombardment at Fort McHenry, Maryland, September 13/14, 1814, and inspired Francis Scott Key to write the "Star Spangled Banner."
"The Star-Spangled Banner" was recognized for official use by the US Navy in 1889 and the President in 1916, and was made the national anthem  in 1931.

  O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!
O! say can you see by the dawn's early light,
What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming,
Whose broad stripes and bright stars through the perilous fight,
O'er the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly streaming?
And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air,
Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there;
O! say does that star-spangled banner yet wave,
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

On the shore, dimly seen through the mists of the deep,
Where the foe's haughty host in dread silence reposes,
What is that which the breeze, o'er the towering steep,
As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses?
Now it catches the gleam of the morning's first beam,
In full glory reflected now shines in the stream:
'Tis the star-spangled banner, O! long may it wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave.
And where is that band who so vauntingly swore
That the havoc of war and the battle's confusion,
A home and a country should leave us no more!
Their blood has washed out their foul footsteps' pollution.
No refuge could save the hireling and slave
From the terror of flight, or the gloom of the grave:
 
And the star-spangled banner in triumph doth wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave.

O! thus be it ever, when freemen shall stand
Between their loved home and the war's desolation!
Blest with victory and peace, may the heav'n rescued land
Praise the Power that hath made and preserved us a nation.
Then conquer we must, when our cause it is just,
And this be our motto: "In God is our trust."
And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall wave
50th anniversary of the adoption of US National Anthem

 The "Star-spangled Banner", was composed on board HMS MINDEN in 1814 by Francis Scott Key in Baltimore harbour when he was a prisoner of the British on board HMS Minden, an Indian teakwood man-of-war was happened to be the first ship to be launched in 1810 from Duncan Dock of Naval Dockyard, Bombay. This was also the first ship commissioned in the Royal Navy from India.HMS Minden was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 19 June 1810. She was named after the German town Minden and the Battle of Minden of 1759, a decisive victory of British and Prussian forces over France in the Seven Years' War.

Vietnam
Tiến Quân Ca (Forward, Soldiers) is the National anthem of Vietnam. It was written and composed by Van Cao in 1944, and was adopted in 1945. 
  The first verse states:
“Our flag, red with the blood of victory, bears the spirit of the country…” The second verse goes on: “The gold star of our flag in the wind, leading our people, our mother land, out of misery and suffering”.




Tuesday, June 8, 2010

Flags on Stamps; Facts File (Part -I) & Quest for a National flag for India, Part - XII ; New Purna Swaraj (Total Independence) Flag: 1931-1947



Flags on Stamps; Facts File (Part-I) 

 World’s first stamps featuring Flag issued by 
Costa Rica in the year 1863.

  
Denmark has the oldest flag ‘The Dannebrog’—as the Danish national flag is called – dropped traditionally ‘as a sign from heaven above’ on June 15, 1219, turning defeat into victory for the Danish crusaders under Valdemar the victorious in the ‘Battle of Lindanaes’ against the Pagan Esthonians.

 
 1700 years of St. George’s Red Cross Flag 
The legend goes that St. George rescued a princess from a dragon, dipped his lance in the dragon’s blood and traced a cross on his white shield. After the siege of Antioch in 1098, when the Crusaders were losing, Saint George with his flag and a host of heavenly soldiers appeared in the sky. The vision inspired the English to win the battle. Richard Coeur de Lion brought the story back to England, proclaimed St. George the nation’s saint and made his banner the national flag. Saint George is the patron saint of Aragon, Catalonia, England, Ethiopia, Georgia, Greece, Lithuania, Palestine, Portugal, and Russia, as well as the cities of Amersfoort, Beirut, Bteghrine, Cáceres (Spain), Ferrara, Freiburg, Genoa, Ljubljana, Gozo, Milan, Pomorie, Qormi, Lod, Barcelona and Moscow, as well as a wide range of professions, organizations, and disease sufferers. (Wikipedia)
 
 Red Cross flag is the first recognized International flag established in 1864 by the Geneva Conventions and Protocols. 


Red Cross being a Christian symbol, many Moslem countries opted for Red Crescent as equivalent flag and also recognised by Geneva Conventions and Protocols. First adopted by Turkey.

 Tonga’s flag prior 1875 was identical to Red Cross Flag, so they had to modify their flag with the proviso that the flag should never be altered again.


Avant-garde : Multi-colour Postage Stamp
Azerbaijan is the first country to produce multi-colour flag stamps in 1919. Then, considered a 
technical break through on stamps. 
 

 First book on “Flags on Stamps” published in 1956. 
Prior to that a compilation of ‘Flags on Stamps’ written by Ben Hamilton, Jr. was published in ‘Scott’s Monthly Journal’ for July, 1945. It listed over 6000 stamps featuring Flags.
 

 First Omnibus Issue featuring Flag 
[I] Flagship San Gabriel of Vasco-da-Gama in 1898 (ref. Discovery of Sea route to India, blog of April 30, 2010) [II] “Flag of the (Hispanic) Race”, issued simultaneously from; Brazil, Guatemala, Honduras, and Paraguay in 1933.

First 'Seamstress of Flag' on stamp; Cuba -1951 
 Emilia Teurbe Tolon sewing the first Cuban flag in 1850

  ********     *******

Quest for a National flag for India, Part - XII ; New Purna Swaraj (Total Independence) Flag: 1931-1947

 Some more interesting items on Swaraj flag (1921-1931) (from the collection of Sri G. Biswas of Kolkata)




 
The Flag Committee -1931 headed by Dr. Pattabhi Sitaramyya after going through various suggestions as received from various sources came up with an entirely new design, all Saffron Flag charged with a brown Charkha at the top left corner (canton) of the flag. The Flag design recommended by the Flag Committee failed to create any consensus amongst the Congress members in general and Muslims members in particular. The proposed flag was summarily rejected by the Congress Working Committee for the reason that the flag design interfered too much with the flag. As a result the all Saffron Flag never saw the light of day.
 The CWC which met at Bombay (now Mumbai) on August 5-6, 1931 presided over by Sardar Ballavbhai Patel approved a new “Tricolour” by substituting Saffron for Red and re-arranging the positions of the colours -- “Saffron over White over Green with a Charkha (Spinning wheel) in deep blue at the centre of the middle white stripe”. The new flag was named “Purna Swaraj Flag”.


  
 The CWC was attended by amongst others, Mahatma Gandhi, Pandit Nehru, Dr. M. A. Ansari, Dr. Syed Mohammed, Sardul Singh Caveeshar, J. M. Sengupta, M. S. Aney, J. Daulatram, Abul Kalam Azad, Madan Mohan Malaviya, P. Sitaramyya, T.A.K. Sherwani, and Purushottamdas Tandon.

Dr. N. S. Hardikar was entrusted with the task to prepare the new flag. The original design had spindle of the Charkha (Spinning wheel) towards the flagpole, but later the position of the Charkha was changed.


(Note; P. Venkayya who is credited and correctly so, for the original Swaraj flag was in fact, not even consulted by the CWC while designing the new Purna Swaraj Flag in 1931. P. Rajeswar Rao in his book “Tha Great Indian patriot”. (Vol - I) tells us; ‘….. Venkyya had retired from active politics in 1922 as he had no faith in the non-violent Satyagraha of Mahatma Gandhi. He belonged to the old school of revolution….’. Many historians still erroneously mention ‘Venkayya’ as the designer of the Purna Swaraj flag).

(To be continued)